What is the function of an anti-lock braking system (ABS)?

The function of an anti-lock braking system (ABS) is to prevent the wheels from locking up during hard braking. When a driver applies the brakes with significant force, especially on slippery or uneven surfaces, the wheels can stop rotating completely, which can lead to a loss of control. The ABS uses sensors to monitor the speed of each wheel and, if it detects that a wheel is about to lock up, it automatically modulates the brake pressure. This allows the wheels to continue rotating and maintain traction, enabling the driver to steer and maintain control of the vehicle while slowing down.

This is important for safety because it reduces the likelihood of skidding and helps prevent accidents. While an anti-lock braking system improves vehicle control under heavy braking, it does not increase stopping distance, enable faster acceleration, or directly assist with steering control. Therefore, understanding the primary role of ABS is key to recognizing its significance in vehicle safety and performance.